![]() ![]() Also, don’t forget to accessorize with jewelry. You can wear that LBD, a lace dress, jumpsuit, or a satin dress as long as you go with the flow. Even otherwise, just wear something fun, casual, yet decent without stealing the attention from the bride-to-be. As for me, I can’t wait to jump right in.īachelorette parties are one of the easiest to dress up for because if you are invited to one, I’m assuming you are in the innermost friends’ circle of the bride, and you guys have a solid plan. You might want to always carry an extra outfit because you never know when you get pushed. So, talk to the host or your friends so that you know what to expect. Choose clothes made of materials that quickly dry off, like polyester or nylon. Top it up with a pair of terry shorts, a strapless playsuit, a halter cover up dress, etc. that you can yank off just before you jump in. ![]() ![]() Choose a bikini or a swimsuit of your choice that is both stylish and comfortable. However, if the party is all about music, drinks, and the guests decide to take a deep dive, you need to be more functional. Wear a floral one piece, a floppy hat, shades, and platform heels or flats or shorts with a cold-shoulder top, bohemian style maxi, etc. Even if the party is by the pool and not in the pool, or you decide to stay dry and outside the wet zone, it’s good to be dressed to match the party theme. There are a couple of ways to approach this look, and no right way to do. ![]()
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![]() Start putting these electrons around the Oxygen atom, as Sulphur has shared four electrons with the Oxygen atoms. Placing four single bonds will use eight valence electrons out of 32, which means we are only left with 24 valence electrons now. So place a pair of electrons between each Oxygen and Sulphur atom to show a single bond. Now that you have the arrangement of the atoms in the molecule, we can look at the bonding of atoms.Īs mentioned above, each atom will try to have eight valence electrons in its outer shell to attain a stable structure. So place a Sulfur atom in the center and Oxygen atoms around it. So as a result of this Sulphur atom will take the central position, and all the Oxygen atoms are arranged around it. In SO42-, if you compare the electronegativities of Sulphur and Oxygen atoms, Oxygen is more electronegative than Sulphur atoms. This doesn’t apply to Hydrogen atoms, as these atoms never take the central position. To determine which atom takes the central atom, always remember that the less electronegative atom takes the central position, and more electronegative atoms are arranged around it. Here as we already have the total number of valence electrons, we can start by determining the central atom. Arrangement of the atoms in the molecule.There are some exceptions to this rule certainly, but the majority of the atoms follow this rule.įor determining the Lewis Structure for SO42- molecule, we need to know the feeling: Generally, while forming bonds with other atoms, every atom tries to follow an octet rule that states that an atom must have eight valence electrons to attain a stable structure. Apart from that, it also helps to know the molecular shape, polarity, and other properties of the molecule. The Lewis Structure of any molecule helps to understand the bonding of atoms in the structure. Hence there are a total of 32 valence electrons for the Sulfate ion. Total valence electrons for SO42- = 6 + 6(4)+2 = 32 Here we have one Sulphur atom and 4 Oxygen atoms, and both these elements belong to the same group and have six valence electrons in their outermost shell.īut as there is a -2 charge on this molecule, it means that it accepts two additional electrons to attain a stable structure, and hence we have to consider these electrons as well. These electrons are the ones that are present in the outermost shell of the atom and participate in forming bonds. Concluding Remarks SO42- Valence electronsįor determining the Lewis Structure for any molecule, we first need to know the total number of valence electrons.It's bent with a bond angle of 120 degrees. And that's it, the SO2 molecular geometry. Here we can see AX2N is Bent and has a bond angle of 120 degrees. We can remember that this is a bent molecule, or we can look it up on a table. We'll ignore the ones, and we can see that we have AX2N. We only have one unbonded electron pair for SO2. ![]() A is the central atom, the Sulfur, we have one of those, X the bonded atoms, those two oxygen atoms, and N that is the unbonded electron pairs. ![]() ![]() We can also use the AXN notation to determine the shape of SO2. In essence the Valence Shell Electron Pairs are Repelling each other, giving SO2 it's shape. The Lewis structure doesn't tell us this directly but if we visualize the atoms and unbonded electron pairs on that central atom, repelling each other, we'll see that oxygen atoms move away from the unbonded pair and give the molecule a bent shape. This is because electrons are negative and they repel each other. First, we can use the Lewis structure for SO2 to visualize how the atoms and unbonded electron pairs will spread out in three dimensions. We can find the molecular geometry for SO2 it two ways. ![]() ![]() ![]() ( Daniel Boone Wilderness Trail Association, The trail originated near Kingsport, Tennessee, and, after Daniel Boone's explorations 100 years later, became known as the Wilderness Trail. 1674: Gabriel Arthur, an indentured servant to James Needham, is the first settler of record to follow the Indian trail through the Cumberland Gap into Kentucky.1629: Joseph de la Roche D'Allion, a Franciscan missionary, crossed the Niagara River from Canada and wrote of oil in what is now New York ( McLaurin,.1622: French missionaries discover Indians igniting natural gas in northwestern New York ( FMGP, 2004). ![]() 1608: Jan Bogdan, a Polish expert in the manufacture of pitch and tar and in the construction of ships, is hired by Captian John Smith of the Virginia Company and lands at Jamestown, Virginia, about October 1, 1608.( History of Daniel Boone Wilderness Trail, 2007) They used oil they found floating in the water to caulk their ships. 1543: Survivors of Hernando de Soto's expedition under the command of Luis de Moscoso Alvarado were forced ashore in southeast Texas, between Sabine Pass and High Island.Modern locations along route include Fort Campbell through Hopkinsville, Madisonville, and Sebree to Henderson ( ). 1541, Kentucky: DeSoto marches north through parts of western Kentucky.Scores of these wells pumped more or less oil long before it "entered into the mind of man" to utilize the unwelcome intruder. ![]() While cannel coal in the western end of Pennsylvania and other sections of the country, bitumen and shales from the Gulf of Mexico to Lake Huron, chapapote or mineral pitch in Cuba and San Domingo, oozings in Peru and Ecuador, asphaltum in Canada and oil-springs in Columbia and a half-dozen states of the Union from California to New York denoted the presence of petroleum over the greater part of this hemisphere, wells bored for salt were leading factors in bringing about its full development. Oil and Gas History of Kentucky: 1629 to Drake Oil and Gas History of Kentucky: 1629 to Drake ![]() ![]() ![]() Common thread types are Acme and buttress. When disengaged the movable jaw may be moved in or out throughout its entire range of motion, vastly speeding up the process of adjustment. The movable jaw may include a retractable dog to hold work against a bench dog.Ī "quick-release" woodworker's vise employs a split nut that allows the screw to engage or disengage with a half-turn of the handle. Its jaws are made of wood or metal, the latter usually faced with wood, called cheeks, to avoid marring the work. Types Face Wooden vise from Löffelholz-Codex, Nuremberg 1505 Woodworker's face vise, with entirely wooden jawsĪ face vise is the standard woodworking vise, always securely attached to a workbench flush with its work surface. So originally, the tight grip of the mechanical device was likened to that of the twines of the plant. The etymology of vise can be tracked via Middle English vys Anglo-French vyz from Latin vitis " vine". ![]() Vises have two parallel jaws, one fixed and the other movable, threaded in and out by a screw and lever.Ī vise grip is not a vise but a pair of lever-actuated locking pliers. ![]()
![]() ![]() Note that some old machines, like the Late 2006 Intel iMac, are not supported by this developer preview of Mac OS X 10.7 Lion. Steps involve creating a blank disk image, copying the base system and installation packages, flagging the system as a server installation, creating the actual virtual machine, replacing the NVRAM with one created by the authors of the guide, and finally installing Lion and forcing the VM to boot from CD. macos vmware boot loopVMware boot loop problemfix macOS boot loop in VMwaremacOS stuck on Apple logo - on Windows on VMWaremacOS stuck on boot loopmacOS won'. Virtual machines usually require that users pack a lot of RAM, therefore a minimum of 4GB is recommended for good performance.Ī walkthrough on how to get Lion up and running on your Mac is available from ObviousLogic. While the mac is rebooting unplug all usb and external dvd drives you may have plugged in. If you decide that Fusion is a keeper and / or that you want to continue testing Lion on your Intel machine, you can buy a license to use the virtualization program indefinitely. A free 30-day trial version will do, if you’re only going to test the features to make an idea of what Lion is all about. ![]() Though not necessarily regarded as piracy (since the software is still not available in its final form) Apple only intends to have developers using the OS for testing purposes.Ī copy of VMware Fusion for Mac OS X is also required. According to Apple's licensing policies, VMware only supports the virtualization of Apple Mac OS X 10.10 (Yosemite) client or server, Apple Mac OS X 10.11 (El Capitan) client or server, Mac OS X 10.9 (Mavericks) client or server, Mac OS X 10.8 (Mountain Lion) client or server, Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion) client or server, 10.6 (Snow Leopard) server and 10.5 (Leopard) server. OS X 10.6 Release: August 28th, 2009 (Apple released it ahead of schedule also) Fusion 2.0.6 Beta which supported Snow Leopard: September 17, 2009. Only registered developers have access to the preview build from Apple’s Mac App Store, but the bits have already been leaked on various file sharing websites. Regarding Lion, however, lets look at the past for a moment: Fusion 3 release: October 27, 2009, supported Windows 7 and 10.6. OS X Leopard or Snow Leopard), you can easily test Mac OS X 10.7 Lion without having to upgrade to the beta OS, or try various gimmicks to avoid messing up your current set up.Īccording to OS X Daily, the requirements to Install and run Mac OS X 10.7 Lion using a popular virtualization solution from the folks at VMWare include first and foremost a copy of Mac OS X 10.7 Developer Preview. By creating a separate environment in which Lion can run alongside your operating system of choice (i.e. Those interested in testing out Apple’s latest desktop operating system can do so in a virtual machine. ![]() ![]() Then, you can see all the danger clearly. It's better to play in full-screen mode.Don't click the mouse to jump when your character is too far or too close to the obstacles because the length of each jump is limited.When you have to get over the steps that are near together, you can hold the mouse to repeat jumps and overcome them.Clear levels of Geometry Dash Unblocked with useful tips From that, you will remember the deadly traps and overcome them in the next run. Don't worry when you have to replay the game many times. Moreover, estimating the distance between the character and obstacles is helpful to jump or fly over. Try your best to combine cleverly jumping up and down to keep your character safe. Be careful when the thorns can appear above. You have to tap to leap from the ground to avoid danger. Take a quick look at the incoming objects. How do you handle the obstacles on the road? The square block never stops running and even run more fastly on the next levels. You should use your quick reflex and control ability to jump and fly through the danger on your way. In fact, there are tons of obstacles and the speed of a little block may make you dizzy. Just jump over the obstacles, and you think it is a very simple mission. The difficulty will increase when you advance the level. At each level, you will face different obstacles. There are full 21 levels with many challenges are waiting for you. If you collide with any obstacles on the way, the game will end. To finish your goal, you have to overcome many obstacles on the way first by jumping, flying, or using support items. In this game, your goal is to get a high score. You can play this game, then comment on your favorite character. These characters make this running game unique compared with other running games. To change the character, you have to go through a portal. They are a cube, ship, UFO, Robot, and wave. The game not only has one character, but you will also have the chance to experience five unique characters. Can you defeat the other players? Changing characters in this game Remember that the further you move, the higher score you get. Each table shows 500 players who have the highest scores in the world. Can you get a high score in all three modes? There are three leaderboards corresponding to three modes. You have a chance to experience different backgrounds. However, you need to click the mouse to use these springboards. ![]() In Polargeist mode, you'll also use the springboards on the space as supported items to jump over the barriers.These springboards can push you automatically. In Back on track mode, you need to be supported by springboards on the ground because the obstacles are adjacent in a long line. ![]() You can experience the classic gameplay of the Geometry Dash series in Stereo Madness mode.Let's explore the unique characteristics of the modes. You have to face a variety of challenges in each mode. ![]() The game has 3 different game modes, including Stereo Madness, Back on track, and Polargeist. Are you one of them? Geometry Dash Unblocked game modes They appear continuously on the track with different positions and shapes. The reason for the game's success is the obstacles. Therefore, this game is always on top of the fantastic running games in the world. Geometry Dash Unblocked is improved with unique features. Many players love this game because they can play this fun game directly on our website without installing it. Moreover, the music of the game link with the square's movement. You should keep it safe along the dangerous road. If it is destroyed, you must restart the game again. Let's play this game to stop your boredom. It is a high-speed game that requires agility and control skills. It's time to challenge your skills with Geometry Dash Unblocked. ![]() ![]() ![]() It was easier to create a 12VAC transformer than it was to create a DC transformer, which made it useful in old systems. Low voltage AC lighting is used in landscape lighting to try and make up for the switch to LEDs. Do all low voltage transformers work with LED lights? We have been able to create larger lighting systems without the need for larger transformers. In the world of low voltage landscape lighting,LED lamps have become more and more common. Does low voltage wiring need to be in conduit?ĭo you need a special transformer for LED landscape lights?.How do you wire low voltage landscape lights?.Why are lamps in a house lighting circuit connected in parallel rather than in series?.Are landscape lights in series or parallel?.Does polarity matter landscape lighting?. ![]() How do you wire landscape lights in parallel?.How can you tell if a light is wired backwards?.What happens if you reverse polarity on LED?.What size transformer do I need for LED lights?.What voltage do LED landscape lights use?.Do all low voltage transformers work with LED lights?.Do you need a special transformer for LED landscape lights?.I wouldn't worry about putting an MR16 LED on 14.4V - if there is a problem it means that the MR16 is very poor quality indeed. Īs others have said the internal driver is a current source for the LED and effectively performs power conversion, if the input voltage increases the input current decreases and the LED gets the same current and power regardless. On the odd occasion where a supplier makes a deal of the voltage range for LEDs that will work on 12 or 24V supplies are typically 10-30V DC. They're designed to work from halogen 12V AC transformers which will show mains fluctuations and will increase voltage with a light load - such as an LED.īearing in mind that MR16s work on 12V DC or AC, the maximum DC rating has to be at least the peak AC voltage or 17V. However we seem to have Lumens - Effective Lumens - RAW Lumens see this link and this link as a result when we read the information we are not really sure which type of lumens is being quoted so as a result we have really no idea of what lamp type we have.Īll MR16 LED lamps have to work over a wide voltage range although the manufacturers have an annoying habit of specifying 12V dead, which is pretty silly. ![]() So looking at the link from "leeco" then 3W version = 83 lumens per watt and 3.5W version = 100 lumens per watt so likely the 3W one uses resistors and 3.5W uses switch mode supply! However I then started to look at more lamps and range from 50 to 100 lumens per watt. I suppose I could in a way test as if resistors are used then heat is produced but if a switch mode current regulator then less heat is produced so if the switched mode method is used light output will be higher per watt used than if a resistor is used. Yes agree DC to DC would be better but trying to keep it simple. Since with the chip linked to voltage can fall to 6.5 volt safe method it would seem is to put a 7812 chip in each lamp that limits it to 12 volt maximum and will drop volts around 1 volt so at 11.5 volt still 10.5 volt at lamp. This will vary according to voltage of LED I know other colours have different voltages.Ĭontrolling the LED directly is quite easy but when it already has some control built in that makes it harder as any control added could mess up the control inside the bulb. So removing that fixed voltage it's 10.8 volt to 13.6 volt so 26% overload where resistors are used. ![]() Not tested white LED but know red one has a 1.2 volt drop across it often used to raise the output voltage from a 7812 voltage reg to 13.2 volts. Thank you "mikely" yes using those drivers clearly will work but "leeco" link is typical GU10 voltage range 85 - 265 volts MR16 just 12 volt. ![]() ![]() ![]() For $7,699 AUD you’re getting a Fox 36 GRIP2 fork and a Float X2 shock, both Kashima-coated for maximum bling against the understated ‘Dirt’ frame colour. The bike we’ve been testing is the top-banger of the range the Meta TR Signature. The three base models are equipped with a 150mm travel fork and in-line shocks, while the two higher-end models get a 160mm travel fork and a piggyback shock. All models are built around the same alloy frame with 140mm of rear wheel travel and 29in wheels. Of course weight isn’t everything, but that’s a significant increase over its carbon counterparts, including the Canyon Spectral 29 CF (3kg), Specialized Stumpjumper EVO (2.75kg) and the Giant Trance X (2.5kg).Ĭommencal offers five different spec levels in the Meta TR range, starting with the $3,499 AUD Meta TR Origin. Commencal claims a Meta TR frame weighs around 4.1kg including the rear shock. It’s one mighty buff frame, both in appearance and on the scales. The Meta TR gets a whole new frame for 2021, and it’s one beefy number. The seat tube is also shorter and fatter too – it now accommodates a 34.9mm diameter dropper post, an increasingly common size we’ve seen used by Specialized, Norco and Trek. There’s no more hockey-stick top tube, and the seat tube doesn’t kick back nearly as much, simultaneously steepening the effective seat angle while improving seatpost insertion depth. ![]() The hydroformed tubes are much straighter than the previous generation frame, with less curves and sharper angles. Not that we mind, because the Meta TR is a very good looking piece of hardware, with a reassuringly tough look about it. If you’re hot for carbon you’ll have to look elsewhere, because Commencal doesn’t do carbon – it’s metal-only around these parts. The Meta TR has received an all-new chassis for 2021, which is made from triple butted and heat treated 6066 alloy. Mick and the Meta TR where they’re at their best – foot out, flat out! Commental Meta TR overview ![]() ![]() ![]() Workers grow to 16mm in body length with males growing to 14.5mm and queens growing to 22mm. Males have black and yellow hairs on their faces. They have a yellow thorax and black venter, there are also yellow hairs on the legs. Queens have black faces with a triangular patch of yellow hairs. There is the only size that differentiates the queen from the workers. They are excellent pollinators, foraging on a wide variety of plants. These bees have two yellow spots on the abdomen. The Two-spotted Bumble Bee (Bombus bimaculatus) is a social bumble bee that can be encountered in Georgia. Two-spotted Bumble Bee Two-spotted Bumble Bee Their face and thorax have yellow hairs and a yellow, brown, and black abdomen. Males grow to 1.9cm in length with large eyes. Workers grow to around one centimeter in length and are similar in color, but they have a brown/yellow band that goes around their abdomen. They have a yellow thorax and a yellow and black banded abdomen with a black posterior and legs. Queens grow to 23mm in body length with a black face and head with some yellow hairs. Brown-belted Bumble Bee Brown-belted Bumble Beeīrown-belted Bumble Bees (Bombus griseocollis) are native to the United States. They also make nests in human objects, such as barns and buckets. Some nests may be found in burrows, old bird nests, rodent burrows, and crevices. They use hay or long grass to create sheltered nests, just above the ground. Nests are mostly found in long grass or underground. These bees forage up to 1.5 miles from the nest. Large queens grow to 26mm in body length with workers at 19mm in body length. There are short hairs on their malar spaces. These bees have a yellow thoracic dorsum, black and white alternative tergal segments, and a black posterior. These bees live and nest in open farmlands and fields, feeding on food plants, including clovers and sunflowers. The population has dropped by ninety percent in the past twenty years. The American Bumble Bee (Bombus pensylvanicus) is a threatened species, native to North America. Humans have introduced this bee throughout the world, except Antarctica. They are domesticated insects, maintained by beekeepers for their honey production and pollination activities. A single colony can be home to tens of thousands of bees. They create colonies with a single fertile female, non-reproductive females, and some males. The Western Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) is a common honey bee found throughout the world. Queens and workers are both black with a yellow thorax and first abdominal segment. Queens grow to 23mm with workers growing to 18mm in body length. Queens and workers are similar in color and structure. Their hair is short, their heads are medium size and their bodies are long and rectangular. They are encountered in the country, suburban and urban areas. The Common Eastern Bumble Bee (Bombus impatiens) is often encountered in eastern North America in temperate forest areas. Common Eastern Bumble Bee Common Eastern Bumble Bee Females have wider heads and males have longer bodies. Their glossy bodies are mostly black with some purple tints. These bees are a similar size to a bumblebee. Unlike other bees, dominant females are responsible for reproduction, foraging, and nest construction, while subordinates are responsible for guarding the nest. They often nest in soffits (the underside of eaves), against wood siding, in wooden fences, mailbox posts, and even hardwood handles of tools.The Eastern Carpenter Bees (Xylocopa virginica) nest in different woods, eating pollen and nectar. Why do I have carpenter bees?īecause you probably have wood! Carpenter bee females prefer to build their nests in soft wood that lacks a coating of paint but are capable of nesting in many kinds of wood protected with various coatings. Males have a yellow patch on their faces. ![]() What do carpenter bees look like?Īdults are robust, 3/4”- 1” long (25mm) with yellow hairs on the thorax, and a shiny, non-fuzzy black abdomen. Despite being a nuisance pest of structures, they are also pollinators. Carpenter bees are solitary and don’t form colonies, but many females may nest in the same area. Females excavate (chew and remove) tunnels to provide a safe place for egg laying. Like carpenter ants, carpenter bees do not eat wood, but rather use it. You may notice females excavating holes in wooden structures, or see a male “buzz” or “dive bomb” passersby. Carpenter bees are common spring and summer insects in the eastern United States. ![]() ![]() ![]() Step 3: Place one (1) Blaze Rod in the middle square. Step 2: Place one (1) Cobblestone each in the three bottom squares in the crafting grid. You can’t make a potion without this required contraption. Gunpowder - Dropped by Creepers, Ghasts, and Witches also found in chests.Glowstone Dust - Mined from Glowstones.Fermented Spider Eye - Crafted from one (1) Spider Eye, one (1) Brown Mushroom, and one (1) Sugar.Step 5: Gather Overworld potion modifiers: Turtle Shell - Crafted using five (5) Scutes that are dropped by Baby Turtles.Sugar - Crafted using one (1) Sugar Cane.Spider Eye - Dropped by slain Spiders and Witches.Rabbit’s Foot - Dropped by slain Rabbits.Pufferfish - Use a Water Bucket or Fishing Rod to catch.Phantom Membranes - Dropped by Phantoms.Golden Carrot - Crafted using one (1) Carrot and eight (8) Gold Nuggets.Glistering Melon - Crafted using one (1) Melon and eight (8) Gold Nuggets.Dragon’s Breath - Dropped by an Ender Dragon.Step 4: Return to the Overworld to continue gathering ingredients: Soul Sand - Used to grow more Nether Wart in the Overworld (optional).Nether Wart - Located in Nether Fortresses growing in Soul Sand.Magma Cream - Dropped by Magma Cubes or crafted from one (1) Blaze Powder and one (1) Slimeball.Ghast Tear - Dropped by Ghasts that hover over lava.Blaze Rods - Dropped by Blazes in Nether Fortresses that are used to craft Blaze Powder.Step 2: Enter the Netherworld and find a Nether Fortress.Īsus ROG Ally vs. Step 1: Build a portal to the Netherworld. Switching to “Peaceful” mode probably wouldn’t be a bad idea either - at least until you return home. ![]() You may want to consider leaving markers, like torches, that lead you back to the portal. Remember, each block traveled in the Nether equals eight blocks traveled in the Overworld. That means you need to build a portal, enter the underworld, defeat monsters, and find a Nether Fortress without getting lost. The list of materials you need is rather long, and five of them reside in the Nether. Your journey includes taking a trip into the Nether, fishing, hunting rabbits, and more. Still, they’re fun to create, though the road to obtaining every ingredient manually can be quite long. Gamers playing in Creative Mode don’t really need potions. ![]() |
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